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About IEC 61850 Standard |
IEC 61850 is an international standard for communication in information systems of power substations, widely used in smart grids. It defines a robust, flexible, and interoperable communication model for protection, control, monitoring, and measurement devices in power systems.
•Standardized Data Model: Uses data objects (Logical Nodes) to represent functions and devices, such as circuit breakers and transformers, ensuring consistency and interoperability
•Ethernet-Based Communication: Supports protocols as MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification), XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol), GOOSE (Generic Object-Oriented Substation Event), and SV (Sampled Values) for real-time data exchange
•SCL Configuration: Uses the SCL (Substation Configuration Language) language to describe the configuration of devices and systems, simplifying engineering and maintenance
•High Reliability and Scalability: Designed to meet performance requirements in critical environments, with support for redundancy and efficient communication
•Interoperability among devices from different manufacturers
•Reduced costs of configuration and maintenance
•Support for advanced applications, such as automation and real-time monitoring
The implementation of IEC 61850 standard in an application enables efficient integration with compatible devices, ensuring a reliable and adaptable operation in modern substations.
IEC 61850 standard was originally developed for Ethernet-based communication using the MMS protocol, as specified in IEC 61850-8-1 standard, with a focus on local substation networks. In 2018, IEC 61850-8-2 standard introduced an alternative based on XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) protocol, primarily aimed at communication outside a local network, expanding its applicability.
Thus, this Driver allows users to select between these two protocols as a transport layer.
This standard also defines an Ethernet-based data exchange known as GOOSE (Generic Object-Oriented Substation Event), which is not currently implemented in this Driver.
Systems that implement this standard as data servers, typically IEDs or protection relays, organize information based on the following entities:
•Logical Devices (LD): Represent logical devices corresponding to a physical or functional device, such as a bay mapped to an IED (Intelligent Electronic Device). They correspond to the first hierarchical level in an IEC 61850 Server, grouping related logical functions to facilitate modeling and management
•Logical Nodes (LN): Virtual representations of functions or components of a real device, mapped inside a Logical Device. For example, a circuit breaker in a bay is represented by a Logical Node with the standard class XCBR. A Logical Device typically contains multiple Logical Nodes, each one corresponding to a specific function, such as protection, control, or measurement
•Data Objects (DO) and Data Attributes (DA): Information in a Logical Node is organized in Data Objects, which represent specific data sets related to a function. Each Data Object consists of Data Attributes, which describe detailed properties, such as values, states, or configurations. The set of Data Attributes in a Data Object follows a defined structure called CDC (Common Data Class), ensuring standardization and interoperability
•Functional Constraint (FC): Specific services that can be applied to each Data Attribute, forming part of the path of an object
The format used by this Driver for all Tags representing Data Objects or Data Attributes is the following:
•Device Parameter: Server:LD, such as "AL_07:AL_07PRO"
•Item Parameter: LN$FC$Data$DataAttribute, such as "XCBR1$ST$Mod$stVal"